|
Vladimir () is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, to the east of Moscow. It is served by a railway and the M7 motorway. Population: ==History== Vladimir was one of the medieval capitals of Russia, with significant buildings surviving from the 12th century. Two of its Russian Orthodox cathedrals, a monastery, and associated buildings have been designated as among the White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In the past, the city was also known as Vladimir-on-Klyazma ()〔(Vladimir-on-Klyazma ) at the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary.〕 and Vladimir-Zalessky (), to distinguish it from another Vladimir in Volhynia (modern Ukraine). ===Foundation date controversy=== Traditionally, the founding date of Vladimir has been acknowledged as 1108, as the first mention of Vladimir in the ''Primary Chronicle'' appears under that year. This view attributes the founding of the city, and its name, to Vladimir Monomakh, who inherited the region as part of the Rostov-Suzdal Principality in 1093. It is named there as Volodymyr. Being established long after the city of Vladimir in Volhynia, initially it was named ''Vladimir-on-Klyazma''. In 1958, the 850th anniversary of the city foundation was celebrated, with many monuments from the celebrations adorning the city. In the 1990s, a new opinion developed that the city is older than this. Scholars reinterpreted certain passages in the ''Hypatian Codex,'' which mentions that the region was visited by Vladimir the Great, the "father" of Russian Orthodoxy, in 990, so as to move the city foundation date to that year. The defenders of the previously uncontested founding year of 1108 dispute the claims of those who support the new date, arguing that the new theory was fabricated in order to provide a reason to have a celebration in 1995. The neighboring town of Suzdal, for instance, was mentioned in 1024. Its 12th-century inhabitants alluded to Vladimir as a young town and treated its rulers with arrogance. In the words of a major chronicle, they said that the people of Vladimir were "their kholops and scions". In the seniority conflicts of the 12th and early 13th centuries, Vladimir was repeatedly described as a "young town" compared to Suzdal and Rostov. Nevertheless, the Charter of Vladimir, the basic law of the city passed in 2005, explicitly mentions 990 as the date of the city's foundation.〔Charter of Vladimir, Article 3.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vladimir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|